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Book Title: د. جيفاجو - الجزء الثانى
The author of the book: Boris Pasternak
Edition: المؤسسة العربية الحديثة
Date of issue: May 1st 2000
ISBN: No data
ISBN 13: No data
Language: English
Format files: PDF
The size of the: 9.98 MB
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Reader ratings: 4.6

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عزيزى القـارئ :

بعد الجزء الأول نقدم لكم الجزء الثانى من هذه الطبعة الجديدة للرواية التى أحدثت عند صدورها فى أوائل عام 1959م شبه ( زلزال ) ثقافى ، على أثر منح مؤلفها جائزة ( نوبل ) فى الأدب فى أكتوبر 1958م ، وما تلا ذلك من رفضه الجائزة ، نظرًا للحرج الذى أصابه من جراء منحه إياها من جانب المحافل الأدبية فى المعسكر الغربى المناهض للشيوعية ، ممـا أثـار نقمة السلطات السوفيتية عليه ، لما تضمنته الرواية من إدانة للثورة البلشفية التى أنهت الحكم القيصرى فى روسيا فى عام 1917 وأرسلت دعائم الشيوعية فى تلك الدولة المترامية الأطراف الواقعة بين قارتى أوروبا وأسيا .

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Boris Leonidovich Pasternak was born in Moscow to talented artists: his father a painter and illustrator of Tolstoy's works, his mother a well-known concert pianist. Though his parents were both Jewish, they became Christianized, first as Russian Orthodox and later as Tolstoyan Christians. Pasternak's education began in a German Gymnasium in Moscow and was continued at the University of Moscow. Under the influence of the composer Scriabin, Pasternak took up the study of musical composition for six years from 1904 to 1910. By 1912 he had renounced music as his calling in life and went to the University of Marburg, Germany, to study philosophy. After four months there and a trip to Italy, he returned to Russia and decided to dedicate himself to literature.

Pasternak's first books of verse went unnoticed. With My Sister Life, 1922, and Themes and Variations, 1923, the latter marked by an extreme, though sober style, Pasternak first gained a place as a leading poet among his Russian contemporaries. In 1924 he published Sublime Malady, which portrayed the 1905 revolt as he saw it, and The Childhood of Luvers, a lyrical and psychological depiction of a young girl on the threshold of womanhood. A collection of four short stories was published the following year under the title Aerial Ways. In 1927 Pasternak again returned to the revolution of 1905 as a subject for two long works: "Lieutenant Schmidt", a poem expressing threnodic sorrow for the fate of the Lieutenant, the leader of the mutiny at Sevastopol, and "The Year 1905", a powerful but diffuse poem which concentrates on the events related to the revolution of 1905. Pasternak's reticent autobiography, Safe Conduct, appeared in 1931, and was followed the next year by a collection of lyrics, Second Birth, 1932. In 1935 he published translations of some Georgian poets and subsequently translated the major dramas of Shakespeare, several of the works of Goethe, Schiller, Kleist, and Ben Jonson, and poems by Petöfi, Verlaine, Swinburne, Shelley, and others. In Early Trains, a collection of poems written since 1936, was published in 1943 and enlarged and reissued in 1945 as Wide Spaces of the Earth. In 1957 Doctor Zhivago, Pasternak's only novel - except for the earlier "novel in verse", Spektorsky (1926) - first appeared in an Italian translation and has been acclaimed by some critics as a successful attempt at combining lyrical-descriptive and epic-dramatic styles.

Pasternak lived in Peredelkino, near Moscow, until his death in 1960.